At the top of the planet, the cap of sea ice across Arctic waters grows and shrinks with the seasons, usually reaching its annual maximum extent in March. In 2026, this peak occurred on March 15, when the extent reached 14.29 million square kilometers, matching the lowest maximum observed since satellite monitoring began in 1979. One

From Jan. 19-22, 2026, a particularly strong X-class solar flare caused a geomagnetic storm in Earth’s atmosphere, with some of the most intense radiation storms on record. The cause was an eruption on the Sun’s surface, which released high-energy particles that reached Earth within 25 hours. ESA’s ice mission, CryoSat, had just received an important software update, enabling the mission

In a first, a space mission led by NASA and France tracked Earth’s rivers swelling and shrinking from month to month over the course of a year and found significantly less of a swing than previous model-based estimates. A record drought in the Amazon likely influenced the tally made by the Surface Water and Ocean

Each year, the world’s leading climate scientists evaluate the most critical evidence on how our planet is changing. Their assessments draw heavily on data from Earth-observing satellites—and the latest 10 New Insights in Climate Science report delivers a stark warning: the planet’s energy balance is drifting further out of alignment, oceans are warming at unprecedented rates, and the